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WAEC Geography: practice questions.
12 free questions with answers and explanations, plus the topics to revise.
Below are free WAEC Geography practice questions with answers and explanations. They are original eZine questions, written and reviewed by teachers in the style of the WAEC WASSCE; we do not publish past questions. eZine's published WAEC Geography bank holds 178 questions across 33 topics (counted 29 October 2026); the largest topics are Basic Concepts in Map Reading, Population and Settlement of Nigeria, Climate and Vegetation of Nigeria.
eZine's WAEC subject mock uses 50 questions in 60 minutes estimated. WAEC sets the objective paper's length per subject and publishes it in each subject's syllabus; eZine holds no WAEC paper figures yet, so this is a practice default.
WAEC Geography practice questions
Choose an option to check it, or open the answer. Each is an eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed).
Question 1 · Rotation and Revolution of the Earth
On 21 June, the sun is overhead at the Tropic of Cancer. At this time places inside the Arctic Circle
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Answer: B. have 24 hours of daylight
With the Northern Hemisphere tilted towards the sun at the June solstice, areas north of 66½°N receive continuous daylight ("midnight sun"). Continuous darkness occurs there in December; equal day and night occur at the equinoxes; the sun is never overhead inside the Arctic Circle.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 2 · Solid Mineral Resources of Nigeria: Tin, Coal, Gold, Limestone, Iron Ore
Iron ore from Itakpe in Kogi State is important mainly because it
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Answer: B. supplies raw material for steel making
Iron ore is the main raw material for iron and steel (e.g. for Ajaokuta). It does not generate hydroelectricity, is not the raw material for cement (limestone is), and is not a fuel.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 3 · Earth's External Processes and Landform Development (River Action)
When a river with stronger headward erosion cuts back into the valley of a neighbouring river and diverts its waters, the process is called
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Answer: B. river capture
River capture (piracy) happens when a more vigorous river erodes headward and captures the upper waters of another, leaving an elbow of capture and a misfit stream. Meandering, braiding and levee formation do not divert one river into another.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 4 · Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resources of Nigeria
Natural gas from the Niger Delta is liquefied and exported from
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Answer: B. Bonny
Nigeria LNG's liquefaction plant is on Bonny Island in Rivers State. Kano, Lokoja and Maiduguri are inland and have no LNG export terminal.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 5 · Mountains
Mountains that remain standing after the surrounding land has been worn down by long denudation, such as the Idanre Hills, are
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Answer: B. residual mountains
Residual (relict) mountains are hard rock masses left upstanding after erosion has removed the softer surrounding rock; the Idanre Hills are granite inselbergs of this kind. They were not formed by folding, faulting or volcanic eruption.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 6 · Climate and Vegetation of Nigeria
Why is the harmattan period dangerous for air transport in northern Nigeria?
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Answer: A. The dust haze reduces visibility
Harmattan dust haze can lower visibility enough to delay or divert flights. The harmattan season is dry, without heavy rain or daily thunderstorms, and snow does not fall in Nigeria.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 7 · Basic Concepts in Map Reading
Which use of a map is shown when a survey plan is attached to a Certificate of Occupancy for a plot in Kaduna?
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Answer: C. Property identification
A survey plan identifies the exact location, size and boundaries of a property, supporting land ownership. It is not used for forecasting, sea navigation or showing ocean currents.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 8 · Latitudes and Longitudes
A traveller flying eastward across the International Date Line from Japan towards North America will
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Answer: A. repeat a day, setting the calendar back by one day
Crossing the date line eastward (from the Asian side to the American side), the traveller enters the zone that is a day behind, so the same date is repeated. Moving westward skips a day; the date always changes; the change is a whole day, not minutes.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 9 · Agricultural Resources of Nigeria
Which of these is grown mainly for export as a cash crop in south-western Nigeria?
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Answer: A. Cocoa
Cocoa is a major export cash crop of the south-west. Millet, sorghum and cowpea are food crops grown mainly in the north.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 10 · Earth's External Processes and Landform Development (Wind Activities)
A crescent-shaped sand dune whose horns point downwind is a
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Answer: C. barchan
A barchan is crescentic with horns extending downwind and a steep leeward slip face. A seif is a long ridge parallel to the wind; zeugen and yardangs are erosional features.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 11 · Map Reduction and Enlargement
Map reduction means
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Answer: D. redrawing a map at a smaller scale
Reduction redraws a map smaller, so its scale becomes smaller (larger denominator). Enlargement makes it larger; removing features or making photographs is not reduction.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Question 12 · Basic Concepts in Map Reading
The representative fraction 1:100,000 means that
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Answer: A. 1 cm on the map represents 1 km on the ground
1:100,000 means 1 unit on the map = 100,000 of the same units on the ground; 100,000 cm = 1 km. 10 km and 100 m are conversion slips; the last option reverses map and ground.
eZine practice question (original, teacher-reviewed)
Want more Geography questions, timed, with every mistake explained?
Practise free on eZine →Topics in eZine's WAEC Geography practice bank
- Basic Concepts in Map Reading (10)
- Population and Settlement of Nigeria (9)
- Climate and Vegetation of Nigeria (7)
- Earth's External Processes and Landform Development (River Action) (7)
- Latitudes and Longitudes (7)
- Weather and Climate (7)
- Earth's External Processes and Landform Development (Wave Action) (6)
- Nigeria: Location, Position, Size, and Physical Setting (6)
- Physical and Cultural Features (6)
- Representation of Relief Forms (6)
- Rocks (6)
- Rotation and Revolution of the Earth (6)
- Agricultural Resources of Nigeria (5)
- Components of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) (5)
- Crude Oil and Natural Gas Resources of Nigeria (5)
- Earth's External Processes and Landform Development (Wind Activities) (5)
- Mountains (5)
- Natural Resources of Nigeria (5)
- Relief and Drainage of Nigeria (5)
- Remote Sensing (5)
- Solid Mineral Resources of Nigeria: Tin, Coal, Gold, Limestone, Iron Ore (5)
- The Earth and the Solar System (5)
- Water Resources in Nigeria: Rivers, Lakes (5)
- Career Opportunities in Geography (4)
Published questions per topic, counted 29 October 2026. eZine does not reproduce WAEC's own Geography syllabus here; check the official syllabus with your school or at the WAEC website.